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A vertical machining center is a machine used to process metal sheet metal, molds, and shell parts. It can complete various mechanical processing processes such as drilling, milling, and boring, but it is more expensive and the processing consumption is much higher than traditional manual machine tools. Therefore, the machining center is required to significantly reduce the processing time of a single product. . Therefore, the design of a machining center is deeply related to its processing efficiency and processing quality. So, what are the relevant matters that need to be paid attention to when designing a machining center? Next, let us take a look.
1. Vertical machining centers with higher static and dynamic characteristics
are expensive, and the loss during processing is much higher than traditional machine tools. This requires machine tools to significantly shorten the processing time. There are currently two ways to solve this problem. Yes, firstly, the development and change of tool materials have greatly improved the cutting speed and doubled the cutting time; secondly, through the use of automatic tool changing system, the effect of rapid tool change and quick clamping is achieved. The adoption of these measures has greatly improved production efficiency, allowing machine tool owners to obtain good economic benefits.
2. Better static stiffness
For a machining center, the structural stiffness of its components such as bed, workbench, spindle box, guide rails, etc. are closely related to the accuracy of the machine tool. Therefore, these factors require the machine tool to It has relatively high static stiffness. In cutting processing, vibration is inevitable. These vibrations will affect the machining accuracy and surface quality. They will also reduce tool life and have a significant impact on production efficiency. The machining center has to work continuously for a long time, and the vibration cannot be eliminated and reduced through human intervention and adjustment during processing. Therefore, the dynamic stiffness of the machine tool also needs to be improved.
3. Smaller thermal deformation.
When the machine tool is performing cutting processing, it will generate heat without exception. This heat will affect the machine tool, causing various degrees of thermal deformation of various parts of the machine tool, and these will affect the accuracy of the processed products. How to reduce the impact of slowing down heat on the accuracy of processed products is an issue that must be considered. Currently, we can improve the structure of the machine tool to make the invisible thermal deformation of the machine tool deform in a direction that is controllable. For example, the columns of a horizontal machining center adopt a frame-type double column structure, which is symmetrical from left to right. Thermal deformation causes translational movement of the spindle axis in the lifting direction. This can be compensated by coordinate correction to reduce heat generation and separate the heat source from the host as much as possible. .
4. The friction between moving parts is small and the gap in the transmission system is eliminated.
The movement amount of the machine tool working platform is based on the pulse equivalent as the minimum unit. When performing tool setting or other slow operations, the workbench is required to respond to the instructions issued by the CNC system. The most accurate response, and these are related to the friction of moving parts. By using rolling guide rails, the friction between each other can be reduced as the movement speed increases under the action of lubricating oil, so that Only in this way can the phenomenon of low-speed crawling be effectively avoided.
5. Long service life and good accuracy retention
. For vertical machining centers, having a perfect lubrication system is very guaranteed for the life of the machine tool. Therefore, when selecting machine tool guide rails, spindle components, screw rods, etc. More wear-resistant materials should be selected so that the machining center can maintain good accuracy for a long time.
6. Humanized design
machining centers usually use multiple tool holders and automatic tool changing devices in order to save time in clamping and tool changing, so that more problems can be solved with one clamping. Therefore, during the process of clamping and tool changing, manual intervention is reduced as much as possible, making the human-computer interaction interface cleaner and neater. The enhancement of machine tool interlocking capabilities can also effectively reduce the occurrence of accidents. At the same time, the setting of emergency parking devices can effectively avoid accidents, and all operations are concentrated on one panel, which is more conducive to operation.